This book should be of interest to anyone in the elevator industry concerned with the applicaton, design and maintenance of modern electric hoisting machines. The technical information, in general, is universal and can be applied to any of the new solid state AC motors.
Table of Contents
The International Association of Elevator Engineers
Foreword
Preface
About the Authors
1 The modern elevator electric drive
G. C. Barney, University of Manchester
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Tasks of an elevator drive
1.3 Equations of motion of an elevator drive
1.4 Specification of the main parameters for electric drives
1.5 Sizing of elevator drive electric machines
Reference
List of syrnbols
2 Review of electric drives
H. Bausch, Universitaet der Bundeswehr Munchen
2.1 Introduction
2.2 DC motor drives
2.2.1 Ward-Leonard
2.3 AC induction motor drives
2.3.1 Basic induction machine operation
2.3.2 Single-speed geared AC drive: uncontrolled
2.3.3 Two-speed geared AC drive: uncontrolled
2.3.4 Two-speed geared AC drive: controlled braking
2.3.5 Two-speed geared AC drive: controlled acceleration and braking
2.3.6 Single-speed geared and gearless AC drive: controlled acceleration and braking, variable voltage and frequency
2.4 Summary
References
List of symbols
3 Design and construction of modern AC electric drive
J. Zwack, Loher AG
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Two-speed three-phase motor for conventional operation
3.1.2 Two-speed three-phase motor with variable voltage control and DC braking
3.2 Fundamental factors
3.2.1 Speed
3.2.2 Torque
3.2.3 Starting frequency and cyclic duration factor (CDF)
3.2.4 Moment of inertia
3.2.5 Power output
3.2.6 Frame sizes
3.3 Design implementation
3.3.1 Motor torque and speed
3.3.2 Motor current and speed
3.3.3 Operational performance
3.3.4 Limits to motor design
3.4 Motor selection
3.5 Electrical design
3.5.1 Rotor
3.5.7 Stator
3.5.3 Terminations
3.6 Mechanical construction
3.6.1 Mountings
3.6.2 Enclosures
3.6.3 Cooling
3.6.4 Bearings
3.6.5 Condensation water drain holes
3.7 Flame proof motors
3.8 Conclusion
References
List of symbols
4 Control concepts and practice
J. Schoerner, Loher AG
4.1 Control concepts
4.1.1 General
4.1.2. Closed loop controllers
4.2 Control principles for elevator dnves
4.2.1 Design and function of an elevator drive
4.2.2 The tasks of an elevator drive
4.2.3 Set value systems
4.3 Converters
4 4.1 Tasks
4.4.2 Double converters
4.4.3 Variable volbge conorollers
4.4.4 Frequency convertens
4.4 Elevator drive systems
4.4.1 DC machine with double (four quadrant) converter
4.4.2 Three-phase AC motor with three-phase variable voltage controller and rectifier
4.4.3 Three-phass AC motor with frequency converter
4.5 Example: three-phase elevator motor with variable voltage controller and rectifier
4.5.1 Function
4.5.2 Operating behaviour
References
List of symbols
5 Energy losses & energy saving
W. Kolmeder and K. Hofbauer, Loher AG
5.1 Model of an elevator drive
5.2 Energy losses
5.2.1 Division of energy losses in an elevator installation
5.2.2 Drive motor losses
5.2.3 Effect of solid state drive control
5.2.4 Example
5.3 Energy saving
5.3.1 Comparison of drives
5.3.2 Uncontrolled drive with two-speed three-phase motor
5.3.3 Controlled drive with three-phase motor
5.4 Summary and future prospecos
References
List of symbols
6 Mains distortion by elevator drive systems
M. Groetzboch, Universitaet der Bundeswehr Muenchen
6.1 Introduction
6.2 The causes of mains distortion
6.3 Conventional elevator dnves
6.4 General considerations of mains converters
6.4.1 Harmonic oscillations of the main current
6.4.2 Reactive power of converters
6.4.3 Effects on the mains voltage
6.5 Controlled elevator drives
6.5.1 Variable voltage converter drive
6.5.2 Thyristor-Leomard drive
6.5.3 Frequency converter drive with uncontrolled mains rectifier
6.6 Conclusion
References
List of symbols
7 Motor design for low acoustic noise
D. Seifert, Loher AG
7.1 Human hearing and noise
7.2 Electrical machine noise sources
7.2.1 Mechanically produced noise
7.2.2 Aerodynamically produced noise
7.2.3 Theory of magnetic induction in motors
7.2.4 Electromagnetically produced noise
7.3 Noise with converter controlled elevators
7.4 Structurally borne sound
7.5 Testing for noise
References
List of symbols
8 Monitoring and protection of AC motor
K. Hofbauer and W. Kolmeder, Loher AG
8.1 Protection of the elevator motor
8.2 Thermal overload relays
8.3 Thermistor sensors
8.4 Implementation of motor protection
8.4.1 Practical temperature protection
8.4.2 Practical current/time protection
References
List of symbols 157
9 Controller design: examples of implementation
H. Stadler and J. Hutterer, Loher AG
9.1 Preamble
9.2 The DCL controller
9.2.1 Applications
9.2.2 Technical data: DCL controller
9.2.3 Function
9.2.4 Detailed operation
9.2.5 Monitonng systems
9.2.6 Commissioning
9.2.7 Mechanical data
9.2.8 Interference suppression
9.2.9 Conclusion
9.3 The E Controller
9.3.1 Applications
9.3.2 Teehnical data: E controller
9.3.3 Operation
9.3.4 Monitoring systems
9.3.5 Optional features
9.3.6 Mechanical data
9.4 The DLS controller
9.4.1 Applications
9.4.2 Operation
9.5 Comparison
References
List of symbols
10 Trends in the development of elevator drives
J. Schoerner, Loher AG
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Analysis of tendencies
10.3 Conclusion
References
Appendix: Program listing for the calculation of the kinematics of an elevator drive
G.C. Barney, University of Manchester
